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Phenytoin Sodium 
DescriptionPhenytoin Sodium Tablets are used for treating certain types of seizures. They may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor. Phenytoin Sodium is an anticonvulsant. It works by stabilizing the threshold in the brain that controls excessive excitability caused by overstimulation.
Phenytoin Sodium (generic Dilantin) Reviewbrand name: Dilantingeneric name: Phenytoin sodium Why is Dilantin prescribed?Dilantin is an antiepileptic drug, prescribed to control grand mal seizures (a type of seizure in which the individual experiences a sudden loss of consciousness immediately followed by generalized convulsions) and temporal lobe seizures (a type of seizure caused by disease in the cortex of the temporal [side] lobe of the brain affecting smell, taste, sight, hearing, memory, and movement). Dilantin may also be used to prevent and treat seizures occurring during and after neurosurgery (surgery of the brain and spinal cord). Why should Dilantin (Phenytoin) not be prescribed?If you have ever had an allergic reaction to or are sensitive to phenytoin or similar epilepsy medications such as Peganone or Mesantoin, do not take Dilantin (Phenytoin). Make sure your doctor is aware of any drug reactions you have experienced. Special information if you are pregnant or breastfeedingIf you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, inform your doctor immediately. Because of the possibility of birth defects with antiepileptic drugs such as Dilantin (Phenytoin), you may need to discontinue the drug. Do not, however, stop taking it without first consulting your doctor. Dilantin appears in breast milk; breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with this drug. Recommended dosageDosage is tailored to each individual's needs. Your doctor will monitor blood levels of the drug closely, particularly when switching you from one drug to another. Once-A-Day Dosage If your seizures are controlled on 100-milligram Dilantin (Phenytoin) capsules 3 times daily, your doctor may allow you to take the entire 300 milligrams as a single dose once daily. On a continuing basis, most adults need 1 capsule 3 to 4 times a day. Your doctor may increase that dosage to 2 capsules 3 times a day, if necessary. ADULTS Standard Daily Dosage If you have not had any previous treatment, your doctor will have you take one 100-milligram Dilantin (Phenytoin) capsule 3 times daily to start. CHILDREN The starting dose is 5 milligrams per 2.2 pounds of body weight per day, divided into 2 or 3 equal doses; the most a child should take is 300 milligrams a day. The regular daily dosage is usually 4 to 8 milligrams per 2.2 pounds. Children over 6 years of age and adolescents may need the minimum adult dose (300 milligrams per day). Special warnings about Dilantin (Phenytoin)Tell your doctor if you develop a skin rash. If the rash is scale-like, characterized by reddish or purplish spots, or consists of (fluid-filled) blisters, your doctor may stop Dilantin (Phenytoin) and prescribe an alternative treatment. If the rash is more like measles, your doctor may have you stop taking Dilantin until the rash is completely gone. Because Dilantin (Phenytoin) is processed by the liver, older adults, people with impaired liver function, and those who are seriously ill may show early signs of drug poisoning. Practicing good dental hygiene minimizes the development of gingival hyperplasia (excessive formation of the gums over the teeth) and its complications. Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages while taking Dilantin (Phenytoin). OverdosageAn overdose of Dilantin (Phenytoin) can be fatal. If you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately.
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